How many concrete tie pads need to be removed on each side of the weld gap?

The correct answer is that one concrete tie pad needs to be removed on each side of the weld gap. This approach is designed to ensure that the area around the weld is free from obstructions that could interfere with the welding process. Removing a single tie pad from each side provides sufficient clearance while minimizing disruption to the surrounding structure. This practice maintains the integrity of the rail tie system, ensuring that it remains stable and secure while the thermite welding is performed, allowing for proper alignment and heat transfer during the welding process.

In contrast, removing more than one tie pad can lead to unnecessary instability in the rail system, increasing the risk of misalignment or failure of the weld due to excess movement. Therefore, the protocol typically prioritizes minimal removal to balance effective weld preparation with structural integrity.